The role of parenting stress and perceived social support in affecting family function among families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate: a path analysis based on the family adjustment and adaptation response model

Table 1 General information of families of patients with cleft lip and/or palate (n = 248)

Variables		n/X ± S	% / Range
Respondents
	Fathers	69	27.8
	Mothers	179	72.2
Sex of patients
	Male	136	54.8
	Female	112	45.2
Age of patients		7.70 ± 2.76	10months-18years old
Is the patient an only child?
	Yes	96	38.7
	No	152	61.3
Development
	Normal	202	81.5
	Slower	37	14.9
	Faster	9	3.6
Age of fathers^a
	≤ 30	37	15.2
	31–45	162	66.4
	> 45	45	18.4
Age of mothers^a
	≤ 30	59	24.0
	31–45	157	63.8
	> 45	30	12.2
Education of fathers^a
	Middle school or lower	127	52.0
	High school or secondary school	48	19.7
	College or university or above	69	28.3
Education of mothers^a
	Middle school or lower	131	53.3
	High school or secondary school	54	21.9
	College or university or above	61	24.8
Job status of fathers^a
	Regular employee	139	57.0
	Temporary employee	73	29.9
	Resigned for the child	6	2.5
	Unemployed	26	10.6
Job status of mothers^a
	Regular employee	98	39.8
	Temporary employee	53	21.5
	Resigned for the child	19	7.8
	Unemployed	76	30.9
Religious belief of fathers^a
	No	219	89.8
	Yes	25	10.2
Religious belief of mothers^a
	No	218	88.6
	Yes	28	11.4
Income monthly
	< 3000	95	38.3
	3000–5000	101	40.7
	> 5000	52	21
Residence
	Urban	94	37.9
	Rural	154	62.1
Family structure
	Single-parent family	14	5.6
	Two-parent family	112	45.2
	stem family	117	47.2
	Step-family	5	2.0
Family history with CL/P
	Yes	13	5.2
	No	235	94.8
Type of disease
	Cleft lip	53	21.4
	Cleft palate	77	31.0
	Cleft lip and palate	118	47.6

^aDue to the existence of a single parent, the total number of fathers/mothers may not be 248

ISSN: 1472-6831