Table 1 Patient characteristics at baseline
|  |  | Conservative group (n = 16) | Surgical group (n = 60) |  | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Variables | Non-TPTD (n = 8) | TPTD (n = 8) | Non-TPTD (n = 33) | TPTD (n = 27) | p-value | ||
Sex (female: male) | 8:0 | 8:0 | 30:3 | 27:0 | 0.430 | ||
Age (mean ± SD) (years) | 69.63 ± 8.83 | 74.75 ± 8.91 | 74.94 ± 7.26 | 77.11 ± 6.89 | 0.552 | ||
Medication (N, %) | Alendronate | 5 (62.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 6 (18.2%) | 9 (33.3%) | 0.588 | |
Ibandronate | 2 (25.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | 13 (39.4%) | 9 (33.3%) | |||
Risedronate | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 3 (9.1%) | 2 (7.4%) | |||
Zoledronate | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.0%) | 0 | |||
Pamidronate | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 (3.7%) | |||
Denosumab | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 2 (6.1%) | 0 | |||
Unknown | 0 | 2 (25.0%) | 8 (24.2%) | 6 (22.2%) | |||
Administered route | PO (N, %) | 6 (75.0%) | 8 (100%) | 25 (75.8%) | 24 (88.9%) | 0.461 | |
IV (N, %) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 6 (18.2%) | 3 (11.1%) | |||
Subcutaneous (N, %) | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 2 (6.1%) | 0 | |||
PO_duration (Mean ± SD) (years) | 4.67 ± 2.81 | 6 ± 2.83 | 4.92 ± 3.46 | 6.04 ± 1.31 | 0.731 | ||
IV_duration (Mean ± SD) (years) | 1 ± 0.00 |  | 2.7 ± 2.25 | 2 ± 1.00 | 0.669 | ||
Subcutaneous_duration (Mean ± SD) (years) | 1 ± 0.00 |  | 2 ± 0.00 |  | 0.083 | ||
Location (N, %) | Maxillary anterior | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 0 | 0.03* | |
Maxillary posterior | 4 (50.0%) | 4 (50.0%) | 9 (27.3%) | 6 (22.2%) | |||
Mandibular anterior | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (25.0%) | 2 (6.1%) | 3 (11.1%) | |||
Mandibular posterior | 3 (37.5%) | 1 (12.5%) | 22 (66.7%) | 18 (66.7%) | |||
Dental procedure (N, %) | Tooth related** | 2 (25.0%) | 3 (37.5%) | 18 (54.5%) | 16 (59.3%) | 0.588 | |
Dental implant*** | 3 (37.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 10 (30.3%) | 7 (25.9%) | |||
Edentulous ridge | 3 (37.5%) | 2 (25.0%) | 5 (15.2%) | 4 (14.8%) | |||
Symptom (N, %) | Pain | 4 (50.0%) | 4 (50.0%) | 16 (48.5%) | 19 (70.4%) | 0.364 | |
Pus | 4 (50.0%) | 4 (50.0%) | 16 (48.5%) | 14 (51.9%) | 1.000 | ||
Gingival swelling | 4 (50.0%) | 3 (37.5%) | 16 (48.5%) | 14 (51.9%) | 0.953 | ||
Numbness | 1 (12.5%) | 0 | 0 | 2 (7.4%) | 0.190 | ||
Others | 0 | 0 | 4 (12.1%) | 4 (14.8%) | 0.714 | ||
Comorbidity (N, %) | Hypertension | 2 (25.0%) | 6 (75.0%) | 18 (54.5%) | 15 (55.6%) | 0.277 | |
Diabetes | 3 (37.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 7 (21.2%) | 6 (22.2%) | 0.567 | ||
Cardiac disease | 2 (25.0%) | 2 (25.0%) | 4 (12.1%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.290 | ||
Rheumatoid arthritis | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (6.1%) | 1 (3.7%) | 0.741 | ||
Steroid | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (6.1%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.813 | ||
Others | 1 (12.5%) | 2 (25.0%) | 7 (21.2%) | 5 (18.5%) | 0.972 | ||
MRONJ stage (N, %) | 1 | 3 (37.5%) | 4 (50.0%) | 7 (21.2%) | 5 (18.5%) | 0.377 | |
2 | 5 (62.5%) | 3 (37.5%) | 19 (57.6%) | 19 (70.4%) | |||
3 | 0 | 1 (12.5%) | 7 (21.2%) | 3 (11.1%) | |||