Table 3 Characteristics of included studies
Author(s) | Year | Country | Study type | Population | Number of participants (exposed or cases/controls) | Age | Caries index | Results OR (95% CI)b MD (95% CI)c CL (95% CI)d | Funding |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Castro et al. [37] | 2004 | Brazil | Case–control | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 80 (40 VIH + and 40 VIH-) | 2–5 years | dmft/dmfs | dmft: 1.52 (1.38–1.66)c dmfs mean: G1: 7.85, G2: 3.43 | Blackwell Munksgaard |
Cerqueira et al. [38] | 2010 | Brazil | Case–control | Children with HIV and siblings without HIV | 105 (65 VIH + and 40 VIH-) | 2–13 years | DMFT/dmft and number of cavitated carious teeth (CDT) | DMFT: 0.50 (− 0.13 – 1.13)c dmft: 2.20 (0.80–3.60)c | CNPq and FAPERJ |
Rwenyonyi et al. [28] | 2011 | Uganda | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV | 237 (118 with HAART and 119 without HAART) | 1.5–12 years | DMFT/deft | DMFT: 2.06 (0.88–4.82)c deft: 1.09 (0.65–1.82)c | Sida/SAREC |
Ponnam et al. [29] | 2012 | India | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 285 (95 VIH + with HAART, 95 VIH + without HAART, and 95 VIH-) | 5–15 years | DMFT | VIH + with HAART vs. VIH + sin HAART: 1.27 (0.69–2.35)b VIH + with HAART vs. VIH-: 0.91 (0.50–1.65)b | None |
Shrikanth et al. [30] | 2015 | India | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 234 (78 VIH + and 156 VIH-) | 3–17 years | DMFT/dmft | VIH + vs. VIH-: 3.77 (1.41–10.10)b | None |
Oliscovicz et al. [9] | 2015 | Brazil | Retrospective cohort | Children with HIV | 111 (3 groups: G1: 51 with HAART, G2: 46 with ART, and G3: 14 without medication) | 2–16 years | DMFT/deft | Mean DMFT, G1: 1.9, G2: 1.6, G3: 3.0 Mean deft, G1: 3.2, G2: 2.8, G3: 3.8 | None |
De Jesus et al. [39] | 2017 | Brazil | Case–control | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 280 (140 VIH + and 140 VIH-) | 2–5 years | dmft | dmft: 2.46 (1.91–3.01)c | Not reported |
Andrade et al. [40] | 2016 | Brazil | Case–control | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 99 (33 VIH + and 66 VIH-) | 7–15 years | DMFT/dmft and ICDAS | VIH + vs. VIH-: 3.15 (0.98–10.15)b DMFT: 1.34 (0.42–2.26)c | Not reported |
Rajonson et al. [31] | 2017 | Ivory Coast, Mali, Senegal | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 838 (420 VIH + and 418 VIH-) | 5–15 years | DMFT/deft DMFS/defs | VIH + vs. VIH-: 3.39 (2.41–4.76)b DMFT: 2.00 (1.93–2.07) ‡ deft: 2.00 (1.86–2.14)c DMFdefT: 2.00 (1.88–2.12)c DMFdefS: 5.00 (4.76–5.24)c Probability of zero affected surfaces: Age < 12 years: − 0.89 (− 1.53 to − 0.24)a,d Age ≥ 12 years: − 4.12 (− 7.43 to − 0.82)a,d | National Institutes of Health (NIH) |
Coker et al. [32] | 2018 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | Children with HI, HEU, HUU | 335 (HI:100, HEU:105, HUU:130) | 6–72 months | dft/DMFT and NIDCR | HI vs. HEU + HUU: 2.80 (1.35–5.81)b HI vs. HEU: 4.10 (1.45–11.57)b HI vs. HUU: 2.22 (0.99–4.97)b HI vs. HUU: 2.58 (1.04–6.40)b HI vs. HEU: 2.22 (0.99–4.97)a | Fogarty AIDS International Training and Research Program, NIH |
Thejashwini et al. [33] | 2018 | India | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and general HIV-negative population | 100 (50 VIH + and 50 VIH-) | 5–18 years | DMFT/dmft | DMFT:0.84 (− 0.32 – 2.00)c dmft:− 0.64 (− 1.90 – 0.62)c | Not reported |
Ferreira et al. [41] | 2018 | Brazil | Case–control | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 70 (34 VIH + and 36 VIH-) | 14–24 years | DMFT | Not reported | CNPq,, CAPES, FAPERJ |
Kikuchi et al. [34] | 2021 | Cambodia | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 482 (328 VIH + and 154 VIH-) | 3–15 years | DMFT/dmft | DMFT: 0.70 (− 0.03 – 1.43)c dmft: − 0.10 (− 1.18 – 0.98)c DMFT: 1.85 (1.14–3.01)a dmft: 0.65 (0.34–1.27)a | JSPS KAKENHI |
Gainneos et al. [35] | 2021 | India | Cross-sectional | Children with HIV and HIV-negative | 60 (30 VIH + and 30 VIH-) | 9–12 years | DMFT | − 0.70 (− 1.36 – − 0.04)c | Self-funded |
Akhigbe et al. [43] | 2022 | Nigeria | Prospective cohort | Children with HI, HEU, HUU | 544 (HI:181, HEU:177, HUU:186) | 4–11 years | dmft/DMFT and ICDAS | HI vs. HEU + HUU: 2.11 (1.41–3.17)b HI vs. HEU: 2.88 (1.71–4.84)b HI vs. HUU: 1.65 (1.04–2.61)b HI vs. HEU Caries in any dentition: 1.58 (0.96–2.59)a Caries in primary dentition: 1.41 (0.85–2.35)a Caries in permanent dentition: 3.44 (1.25–4.49)a | National Institutes of Health-NIDCR R01DE028154 |
Kumar et al. [42] | 2024 | India | Case–control | Children with HIV | 150 (95 HAART and 75 HAART-naïve) | 6–18 years | DMFT/dmft | DMFT: 2.02 (1.24–2.80)c dmft: 0.40 (− 0.38 –1.18)c | Not reported |
O'Connell et al. [36] | 2023 | Nigeria | Cross-sectional | Children with HI, HEU, HUU | 127 (HI: 49, HEU: 36, HUU: 42) | 3–15 years | DMFT/dmft and ICDAS | HI vs. HEU + HUU: 2.14 (0.98–4.65)b HI vs. HEU: 3.46 (1.39–8.63)b HI vs. HUU 1.38 (0.56–3.41)b | National Institutes of Health (R01DE028154) |